Mpox eMzantsi Afrika: nantsi into esiyaziyo

July 3, 20242 years Dizindaba 395 Views

Isebe lezempilo libika ukufa kwesibini kwesi sifo

27 Isilimela (June) 2024 – 10 EyeKhala (July) 2024 – Intatheli: Marecia DamonsNews

Mzantsi Afrika

Amanqanaba ophuhliso lwezilonda zempox. Iifoto nguGqr O.O. Afuye 15 Septemba 2019, urhulumente wase-UK nge-Wikipedia. (Vula iLayisenisi kaRhulumente)

UMzantsi Afrika ubhale ukubhubha kwawo okwesibini. Kubekho iimeko ezintandathu eziqinisekisiweyo.
Isebe lezempilo lathi isigulana esineminyaka engama-38 ubudala sine-HIV kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba sine-mpox emva kokuba sinezilonda ezinzulu, izilonda zomlomo, iintlungu zemisipha kunye nomqala obuhlungu.
Ingcaphephe yezifo ezosulelayo, uGqirha Jeremy Nel uthe amadoda awabelana ngesondo namadoda achaphazeleka ngendlela engaqhelekanga yimpox ukusukela ngo-2022 kuqhambuko loqhambuko kwihlabathi liphela.

Isebe lezempilo liqinisekise ngoLwesine ukuba umntu wesibini ubhubhile ngenxa yentsholongwane yempox. NgoLwesithathu, isebe libhengeze ukubhubha kokuqala kweli lizwe.

Zintandathu iimeko eziqinisekisiweyo eMzantsi Afrika. Zonke izigulana ngamadoda akwiminyaka yama-30.

Iziko leSizwe leZifo ezoSulelayo (NICD) lichaza i-pox (eyayibizwa ngokuba yimonkeypox ngaphambili) ibangelwa lusulelo lwentsholongwane ye-mpox, ilungu le-genus Orthopoxvirus kusapho lwe-Poxviridae. Ngoku kukho ngaphezu kwe-80 ye-poxviruses eyaziwayo kwisayensi.

Ixesha lokufukamela impox likwi-avareji yeentsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezili-14 kodwa zinokusuka kwiintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kweziyi-21.

Iimpawu zokuqala ziquka umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, imisipha ebuhlungu, umqolo obuhlungu, ukugodola nokudinwa. Kwiintsuku ezintathu zokuqala kwesi sifo, izilonda ezinjenge-blister ziya kukhula ebusweni, iziphelo ezibandakanya iinyawo zeenyawo kunye neentende zezandla. Izilonda zinokuthi, nangona kunjalo, zenzeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Alukho unyango olubhalisiweyo lwempoksi eMzantsi Afrika.

Nangona kunjalo, i-NICD yathi uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) ucebisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-tecovirimat (ehlala isaziwa ngegama lebrendi Tpoxx) kunyango lwezehlo eziqatha, njengakubantu abanesibalo se-CD4 esingaphantsi kwama-350 iiseli kwi-mm3 nganye. (Abantu abanesifo se-HIV esiphezulu badla ngokuba nesibalo se-CD4 esisezantsi ngolu hlobo kodwa ukuba bakunyango lwe-antiretroviral, isibalo sabo se-CD4 sibuyela kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo, ngaphezulu kwama-500.)

I-NICD ithe isebe lezempilo lifumene i-tecovirimat ngendlela eyaziwa ngokuba sisigunyaziso seCandelo lama-21. ICandelo lama-21 loMthetho wamaYeza livumela i-SAPHRA ukuba ivume ukusetyenziswa kweyeza elingabhaliswanga. Oku kwenziwa ngokwesiseko sokusetyenziswa kwemfesane kwizigulana ezingenazo ezinye iindlela zonyango olufanelekileyo.

Isigulana samva nje yindoda eneminyaka engama-38 ubudala engeniswe kwisibhedlele sengingqi eMgungundlovu, KwaZulu-Natal. Umphathiswa wezempilo uGqirha Joe Phaahla uthe isigulana sifunyenwe sinayo impox ngolwesithathu emva kokuba sinamanxeba amaninzi, i-lymphadenopathy, intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa, izilonda emlonyeni, ukuqaqamba kwezihlunu kunye nomqala obuhlungu.

Isigulana, esasine-HIV, sasweleka kwangaloo mini iziphumo zovavanyo lwaso zabuya zathi sinalo, utshilo uPhaahla.

“I-Mpox sisifo esinokuthintelwa kwaye siyanyangeka ukuba sifunyenwe kwangoko. Abantu bayabongozwa ukuba bakuphephe ukudibana nomntu onempox, bazilolonge izandla kunye nesimilo sokuphefumla,” utshilo uPhaahla.

Ingcaphephe yezifo ezosulelayo kwiYunivesithi yaseWits uGqirha Jeremy Nel uchaze ukuba abantu abanamaqondo aphakathi ukuya kwaqatha oxinzelelo lokhuselo lomzimba basemngciphekweni wokufumana ikhosi eqatha xa bosulelwa yimpox.

“Oku kubandakanya abo bane-HIV elawulwa kakubi abanezibalo ze-CD4 ezisezantsi, kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba abantu abane-HIV elawulwa kakuhle ababonakali bekwingozi ephezulu kakhulu”.

Ebuzwa ukuba ngaba nawaphi na amanye amaqela asemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana isifo sempox, uNel uthe: “Kubantu abakumazwe afana noMzantsi Afrika, engeyiyo indawo eyayigqugqisile ngokwembali, umngcipheko kumadoda athandana nesini esinye, nezinye iMSM. (amadoda abelana ngesondo namadoda), abantu abathengisa ngemizimba kunye nabathengisi ngemizimba bathathwa njengabaphakathi. Kuwo onke amanye amaqela abantu, umngcipheko uphantsi,” utshilo uNel.

Uthe akukho lwazi lwaneleyo lokumisela iimeko eMzantsi Afrika kuba bambalwa abantu abafunyenweyo. “Kodwa abantu abane-HIV engalawulwayo kakuhle babonakala besemngciphekweni omkhulu wesifo esiqatha,” utshilo.

UNel uchaze ukuba impox isasazwa ikakhulu ngokudibana ngqo nezilonda ezosulelayo, ukhoko okanye ulwelo lomzimba, kwaye ke imisebenzi ebandakanya ukudibana, ukudibana nomntu owosulelekileyo ngokuqinisekileyo kunokusasaza usulelo.

Uthe ukusukela oko kwaqhambuka amazwe amaninzi ngo-2022 “uluntu lwe-MSM luchaphazeleke ngokungafaniyo, kwaye uninzi lwayo lubonakala ngathi lusasazeke ngokusondelelana ngokwesondo”.

UNel wachaza ukuba intsholongwane ngamanye amaxesha inokusasazeka ngezinye iindlela, ezinje ngempahla eyosulelekileyo-ilinen okanye iimpahla, okanye kumalungu asekhaya kunye nabasebenzi bezempilo abanxibelelana ngokusondeleyo nabantu abanesifo sempox esisebenzayo. “Nangona ezi ndlela aziqhelekanga,” wongeze watsho.

Uthe inkqubo yokugonya egxile kumaqela asemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuvezwa kwi-mpox inokunceda ukunciphisa ubungakanani bokuqhambuka.

“Ukusasaza ilizwi kumaqela aphambili asemngciphekweni kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuze abantu bahlale benolwazi kwaye bathathe nawaphi na amanyathelo okhuseleko abacinga ukuba kufuneka. Ukusasaza iindaba phakathi kwabasebenzi bezempilo nako kubalulekile ukuze bakhululeke ekuthatheni isigqibo ngexesha kunye nendlela yokuvavanya impox, kunye nendlela yokuyinyanga,” utshilo uNel.

Ngokwe-NICD, kukho i-95,912 yeemeko ze-mpox ezibhalwe kumazwe angama-118 kwixesha le-1 kaJanuwari 2022 ukuya kwi-08 kaMeyi 2024. Ukusukela nge-31 kaMatshi ka-2024, inani labantu ababhubhileyo elichazwe ngenxa yokuqhambuka laliyi-185 kuzo zonke ezintandathu zeWorld Health Organisation (WHO). ), kunye nokufa kwabantu abayi-139 abavela eMelika kuphela.

Into yokuba uMzantsi Afrika usweleke abantu ababini kumatyala amathandathu kuphela ibonisa ukuba siphantsi kakhulu ekuxilongeni inani lokwenyani lamatyala, kuba sisazi ngokweenkcukacha-manani ze-WHO ukuba iimeko ezini